Which of the following is a form of alternative dispute resolution?

Mediation is recognized as a form of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) because it provides a structured yet informal environment in which disputing parties can come together to resolve their conflicts with the help of a neutral third-party mediator. The mediator facilitates communication, helps clarify issues, and assists the parties in reaching a mutually satisfactory agreement without resorting to litigation or the court system.

Alternative dispute resolution methods like mediation are often favored because they can save time and reduce costs compared to traditional legal processes, and they allow the parties greater control over the outcome. Unlike lawsuits, litigation, or trials—which take place in a formal court setting and typically involve a judge or jury making a binding decision—mediation focuses on collaboration rather than adversarial conflict. This emphasis on cooperation enables a more amicable resolution to disputes, which is one of the core benefits of ADR.

In contrast, lawsuits, litigation, and trials represent formal judicial processes that require adherence to strict legal guidelines and often lead to binding decisions imposed by the court. These methods can be more time-consuming and expensive, which is why many individuals and businesses opt for alternatives like mediation when feasible.